Oceanologia No. 38 (2) / 96
Contents
Papers
Communications
Dissertations
Papers
Lidia Dzierzbicka-Głowacka
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Mathematical modelling of the chlorophyll a
concentration in a stratified medium
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 153-193
Keywords: Mathematical model; Stratified sea; Phytoplankton
Manuscript received November 24, 1995, in final form February 28, 1996.
Abstract
The numerical studies and the computer simulations of time-space variability of
phytoplankton concentration field in the near surface
layer of a stratified sea were the aim of the
research work conducted; the task was focused on finding the main mechanisms
governing this variability. In the two-dimensional model applied the following
hydrophysical processes were taken into consideration: in particular the
fine-scale dynamic processes such as interlayers, Kelvin-Helmholtz
hydrodynamic instability, as were biological, and chemical processes such
as primary production, phytoplankton mortality, phytoplankton grazing by
zooplankton, concentration of nutrients and their uptake and regeneration.
Marianna Pastuszak
Department of Oceanography, Sea Fisheries Institute, Gdynia
Klaus Nagel, Gunter Nausch
Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemunde
Variability in nutrient distribution in the Pomeranian Bay
in September 1993
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 195-225
Keywords: Baltic Sea; Nutrients; Odra impact; Spatial variability
Manuscript received November 27, 1995, in final form February 2, 1996.
Abstract
Physical and biological factors as well as water/nutrient
discharges from the river Odra (via the Szczecin Lagoon and the
rivers connecting the Lagoon with the Pomeranian Bay) were found
to affect nutrient distribution in the Pomeranian Bay in September 1993.
Other factors influencing this distribution included the eutrophic
waters of the Greifswalder Bodden, and physical phenomena such
as upwelling and the pulsating nature of the river Swina's outflow.
The dynamics of the water are thought to be a significant factor
in the transport/transformation of riverine water.
A separate "mini-ecosystem", characterised by distinct chemical,
physical and biological parameters, was recorded.
Grażyna Kowalewska
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Andrzej Witkowski
Institute of Oceanography, Gdańsk University, Gdynia
Beata Toma
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Chlorophylls c in bottom sediments
as markers of diatom biomass in the southern Baltic Sea
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 227-249
Keywords: Chlorophyll c; HPLC; Baltic Sea; Spitsbergen fjords; Diatoms; Marine environment
Manuscript received January 25, 1996, in final form March 28, 1996.
Abstract
Sediments from different regions of the Baltic Sea,
collected in the years 1992-1994, were analysed for chlorophyll c
content by reversed-phase HPLC. For comparison, a series of samples
from Spitsbergen fjords were also analysed. Diatom distribution
was determined in selected samples. The total chlorophylls c
in sediments is a very sensitive indicator of the occurrence
of chlorophyll c-containing algae in the overlying water column.
The shape and relative proportions of the chlorophyll c peaks
in the HPLC chromatogram reflect the presence of fresh and senescent
algal cells, as well as the oxygen conditions in the environment.
Both benthic and planktonic diatoms are the main source of
chlorophylls c for the Baltic sediments. Furthermore,
the ratio of chlorophylls c and b to chlorophyll a
depends on the proportions of diatoms, green algae and blue-green
algae in the total Baltic phytoplankton biomass.
Maria Włodarska, Jan Marcin Węsławski
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Sławomira Gromisz
Sea Fisheries Institute, Gdynia
A comparison of the macrofaunal community structure and diversity
in two arctic glacial bays - a "cold" one off Franz Josef Land
and a "warm" one off Spitsbergen
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 251-283
Keywords: Arctic ecosystems; Glacial bays; Macrofauna communities; Biodiversity
Manuscript received January 26, 1996, in final form April 12, 1996.
Abstract
The species composing the bottom fauna of Skoddebukta, a tidal glacier
bay off West Spitsbergen (77oN), and Tikhaia Bay off Franz Josef Land (Hooker Island 80oN) were studied.
Skoddebukta contained transformed Atlantic waters at
a temperature of > +4oC in summer, while the Arctic waters of Tikhaia Bay were at their
summer maximum temperature of < -0.5oC. The glaciers were of
different types: "warm" at Skoddebukta and "cold" at Tikhaia Bay.
Over 210 benthic taxa were identified at both sites, 30% of species
being common to both. The zoogeographical status of the fauna was
similar in both bays. Cluster analysis of the samples revealed the
existence of 7 associations. The associations mostly influenced by
glacier or river outflow were significantly dominated by deposit
feeders and displayed low diversity. The Tikhaia Bay community was
more diverse than that in Skoddebukta, which is due to its better
trophic conditions and lower level of inorganic sedimentation-induced
disturbance.
Communications
Jan Piechura
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Dense bottom waters in Storfjord and Storfjordrenna
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 285-292
Keywords: Water masses; Circulation
Abstract
On the basis of published information and our previous data,
special attention was paid to the presence of dense bottom
waters around the south-eastern tip of Spitsbergen during
the 1995 "Oceania" cruise. Such waters, with a temperature
of 1.6-2.0oC below zero, a salinity around 35 PSU and
a density of 28.00-28.16, were recorded in Storfjordrenna and Storfjord.
In Storfjordrenna this type of water appeared in separate bodies with
a relatively large vertical extension, which was most probably caused
by an eddy-type of circulation.
Dissertations
Maria Chomka
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Aerosol emission due to the shore-line dissipation of wind-induced
wave-energy
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 293-294
Ph. D. thesis in oceanology,
supervised by Professor Czesław Garbalewski.
Bogdan Skwarzec
Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sopot
Polonium, uranium and plutonium in the ecosystem of the southern Baltic
Oceanologia 1996, no. 38 (2), pp. 295-296
Thesis for a 2nd doctor's degree in chemistry and radiochemistry.
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